Greenhouse Wikipedia. A greenhouse also called a glasshouse, or, if with sufficient heating, a hothouse is a structure with walls and roof made chiefly of transparent material, such as glass, in which plants requiring regulated climatic conditions are grown. These structures range in size from small sheds to industrial sized buildings. A miniature greenhouse is known as a cold frame. The interior of a greenhouse exposed to sunlight becomes significantly warmer than the external ambient temperature, protecting its contents in cold weather. Many commercial glass greenhouses or hothouses are high tech production facilities for vegetables or flowers. The glass greenhouses are filled with equipment including screening installations, heating, cooling, lighting, and may be controlled by a computer to optimize conditions for plant growth. Different techniques are then used to evaluate optimality degrees 2 and comfort ratio of greenhouse micro climate i. HistoryeditThe idea of growing plants in environmentally controlled areas has existed since Roman times. The Roman emperor Tiberius ate a cucumber like4 vegetable daily. The Roman gardeners used artificial methods similar to the greenhouse system of growing to have it available for his table every day of the year. HOTHOUSE_FLOWERS_DONT%2BGO%2B-%2BEXTENDED%2BVERSION-329213.jpg' alt='Hothouse Flowers Live' title='Hothouse Flowers Live' />Cucumbers were planted in wheeled carts which were put in the sun daily, then taken inside to keep them warm at night. The cucumbers were stored under frames or in cucumber houses glazed with either oiled cloth known as specularia or with sheets of selenite a. Pliny the Elder. 56Greenhouses in which the temperature could be manually manipulated first appeared in 1. Korea. The 1. 5th century treatise, the Sanga Yorok, contains descriptions of greenhouses designed to regulate the temperature and humidity requirements of plants and crops. One of the earliest records of the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty in 1. Korean greenhouse during the winter and installing an ondol system to provide heat. The concept of greenhouses also appeared in the Netherlands and then England in the 1. Some of these early attempts required enormous amounts of work to close up at night or to winterize. There were serious problems with providing adequate and balanced heat in these early greenhouses. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Hothouse Flowers Lets Do This Think New Album out now. Hothouse Flowers Live AlbumToday, the Netherlands has many of the largest greenhouses in the world, some of them so vast that they are able to produce millions of vegetables every year. The French botanist Charles Lucien Bonaparte is often credited with building the first practical modern greenhouse in Leiden, Holland, during the 1. Originally only on the estates of the rich, the growth of the science of botany caused greenhouses to spread to the universities. The French called their first greenhouses orangeries, since they were used to protect orange trees from freezing. As pineapples became popular, pineries, or pineapple pits, were built. Experimentation with the design of greenhouses continued during the 1. Hothouse Flowers Live' title='Hothouse Flowers Live' />Founded in 1999, Southern Lady Magazine is a bimonthly publication that celebrates, delights, and inspires women who live in the Southand those who are simply. From DIY instructions for home improvement projects to design inspiration for your home, eHow offers all the essential howto info you need. Hothouse Flowers I Can See Clearly Now Brooklyn Bowl, London October 2015 Duration 606. Gigs KrisLW 20,077 views. Europe, as technology produced better glass and construction techniques improved. The greenhouse at the Palace of Versailles was an example of their size and elaborateness it was more than 1. Hothouse Flowers Live YoutubeThe golden era of the greenhouse was in England during the Victorian era, where the largest glasshouses yet conceived were constructed, as the wealthy upper class and aspiring botanists competed to build the most elaborate buildings. A good example of this trend is the pioneering Kew Gardens. Joseph Paxton, who had experimented with glass and iron in the creation of large greenhouses as the head gardener at Chatsworth, in Derbyshire, working for the Duke of Devonshire, designed and built The Crystal Palace in London, although the latter was constructed for both horticultural and non horticultural exhibition. Other large greenhouses built in the 1. New York Crystal Palace, Munichs Glaspalast and the Royal Greenhouses of Laeken 1. King Leopold II of Belgium. The Art Of Stillness. In Japan, the first greenhouse was built in 1. Samuel Cocking, a British merchant who exported herbs. In the 2. 0th century, the geodesic dome was added to the many types of greenhouses. Notable examples are the Eden Project, in Cornwall, The Rodale Institute9 in Pennsylvania, the Climatron at the Missouri Botanical Garden in St. Louis, Missouri, and Toyota Motor Manufacturing Kentucky. Greenhouse structures adapted in the 1. Hoop houses were made by several companies and were also frequently made by the growers themselves. Constructed of aluminum extrusions, special galvanized steel tubing, or even just lengths of steel or PVC water pipe, construction costs were greatly reduced. This resulted in many more greenhouses being constructed on smaller farms and garden centers. Polyethylene film durability increased greatly when more effective UV inhibitors were developed and added in the 1. Gutter connected greenhouses became more prevalent in the 1. These greenhouses have two or more bays connected by a common wall, or row of support posts. Heating inputs were reduced as the ratio of floor area to exterior wall area was increased substantially. Gutter connected greenhouses are now commonly used both in production and in situations where plants are grown and sold to the public as well. Gutter connected greenhouses are commonly covered with structured polycarbonate materials, or a double layer of polyethylene film with air blown between to provide increased heating efficiencies. The explanation given in most sources for the warmer temperature in a greenhouse is that incident solar radiation the visible and adjacent portions of the infrared and ultraviolet ranges of the spectrum passes through the glass roof and walls and is absorbed by the floor, earth, and contents, which become warmer and re emit the energy as longer wavelength infrared radiation. Glass and other materials used for greenhouse walls do not transmit infrared radiation, so the infrared cannot escape via radiative transfer. As the structure is not open to the atmosphere, heat also cannot escape via convection, so the temperature inside the greenhouse rises. This is known as the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect, due to infrared opaque greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide and methane instead of glass, also affects the earth as a whole there is no convective cooling as air does not escape from the earth. However, R. W. Wood in 1. The two greenhouses warmed to similar temperatures, suggesting that an actual greenhouse is warmer not because of the greenhouse effect, but by preventing convective cooling, not allowing warmed air to escape. More recent quantitative studies suggest that the effect of infrared radiative cooling is not negligibly small, and may have economic implications in a heated greenhouse. Analysis of issues of near infrared radiation in a greenhouse with screens of a high coefficient of reflection concluded that installation of such screens reduced heat demand by about 8, and application of dyes to transparent surfaces was suggested. Composite less reflective glass, or less effective but cheaper anti reflective coated simple glass, also produced savings. VentilationeditVentilation is one of the most important components in a successful greenhouse, specially in hot and humid tropical climate condition. If there is no proper ventilation, greenhouses and their growing plants can become prone to problems. Usb Controller Driver Windows 7 X64 here. The main purposes of ventilation are to regulate the temperature, humidity and vapor pressure deficit1.